Abstract
A low-cost alginate-melamine hybrid sorbent (named as Alg-Mel) was designed and synthesized for the removal of Pb2+ from water. The as-prepared Alg-Mel sorbent exhibited high affinity and selectivity to Pb2+. The selectivity coefficients of the Alg-Mel for Pb2+/Cd2+, Pb2+/Cu2+, Pb2+/Cr3+ and Pb2+/Co2+ were all over 7. It is found that the hybrid sorbent could uptake 95.4% of Pb2+ from Pb2+-containing solutions (0.48 mM), and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 1.39 mmol/g (287.7 mg/g), which is much higher than that of most reported lead ion-sorbents. Furthermore, the Alg-Mel can be regenerated by a simple acid-washing process and used repeatedly. The results of adsorption mechanism analysis reveal that the adsorption of Pb2+ by Alg-Mel is mainly ascribed to the chemical coordination and ion exchange effects.
Highlights
Lead is a non-essential element of the human body [1]
Sodium alginate, inorganic acids, 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid (MES), N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N 0 -ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), metal nitrate, N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and other reagents were bought from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical
The river water samples were taken from the Anqing section of Changjiang River using a clean glass bottle and were allowed to stand for 12 h to precipitate the sediment before use
Summary
Lead is a non-essential element of the human body [1]. Lead that enters the human body through the food chain cannot be degraded, and accumulates in the human body for a long time, thereby causing damage to the intestinal system and nervous system, resulting in a series of physiological diseases such as colic, headache, insomnia and convulsions. Many low-cost lead ion adsorbents have been developed to replace activated carbon [6,7,8], such as clay minerals, zeolites, chitosan and its derivatives, industrial waste and so on. These adsorbents often have one or more of the following deficiencies in the application. The morphology and adsorption performance of adsorbent decrease rapidly after repeated use; (5) the preparation or modification process is more complicated, and organic solvents (such as toluene, ethanol, etc.) are usually used. The physical and chemical properties (such as adsorption ability and capacity, selectivity, etc.) of the synthetic alginate-melamine hybrid sorbent (Alg-Mel) are evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)
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