Efficient Polymer Solar Cells Having High Open-Circuit Voltage and Low Energy Loss Enabled by a Main-Chain Twisted Small Molecular Acceptor

Abstract

A new main-chain twisted small molecular acceptor with nonhalogenated end groups (i-IEICO) is designed and synthesized. In contrast to its planar analogue IECIO, i-IEICO possesses an obviously twisted backbone, leading to significant hypsochromic shift in film absorption, slight enhancement in solution extinction coefficient, and significantly elevated molecular energy level. Benefited from these features, i-IEICO is matched well with two wide band gap polymer donor materials (J52 and PBDB-T) both in absorption spectra and molecular energy levels. Relative to the planar-molecule IEICO-based devices, the open-circuit voltage ( VOC), short-circuit current density, and fill factor of the i-IEICO-based devices are simultaneously improved, giving rising to a 10.48% (with J52) and 8.79% (with PBDB-T) power conversion efficiency, respectively. Moreover, J52:i-IEICO device exhibits a high VOC of 0.96 V accompanied by a small energy loss of 0.64 eV, which can be further improved to 1.01 V and 0.59 eV for the PBDB-T-based device. The obtained VOC of i-IEICO-based devices are among one of the highest values of either J52 or PBDB-T-based binary devices, suggesting the effectiveness of main-chain twisted strategy coupled with end-group modification to achieve highly efficient nonfullerene acceptors with low energy loss and high VOC.