Efficient plant regeneration of Malaysian aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) via improved somatic embryogenesis pathway

Zuraida Rahman,Zulkifli Seman,Rahiniza Kamaruzaman,Asfaliza Ramli,Ayu Othman,Jasim Uddain,Sreeramanan Subramaniam,Zamri Zainal

doi:10.9755/ejfa.2015-07-535

Abstract

Aromatic rice MRQ 74, MRQ 80 and MRQ 50 are the most popular rice in Malaysia. Establishing an efficient regeneration protocols via somatic embryogenesis is required for varietal improvements. Somatic embryogenesis system was established in three aromatic rice varieties by using mature seeds. Optimised MS-B5 medium containing 1 mg/L 2, 4-D (2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and 10 mg/L NAA (α-naphthaleneacetic acid) produced highest production of embryogenic callus (89%) without any browning effect. The highest whitish somatic embryos frequency (75 %) was initiated by incubating embryogenic calli on same media containing 10 mg/L ABA and 9 g/L Gelrite agar for 8 weeks. However, the numbers of regenerated plantlets on medium containing NAA and 2,4-D which was previously pre-treated with 10 mg/L ABA, 9 g/L Gelrite agar and incubation at 8 weeks was the best method for shoots induction (14 plantlets per 3 g of somatic embryos) of three rice varieties.

Highlights

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crop and a primary food source for half of the world’s population
Mature seeds of three Malaysian aromatic rice varieties of MRQ 50, MRQ 74 and MRQ 80 were used for the initiation of an embryogenic callus and plant regeneration
The maximum callus initiation (84%) were recorded from 5 mg/L 2,4‐D supplemented with N6 medium of MRQ 74 whereas minimum initiation (41%) were found in 1 mg/L 2,4-D supplemented with MS medium for MRQ 74 and MRQ 80 (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crop and a primary food source for half of the world’s population. Aromatic rice is named as fine rice, scented rice or fragrance rice. It is very popular in Asia as well as Southeast Asia and has recently gained wider acceptance in the Middle East and Western communities (Sarhadi et al, 2008; Myint et al, 2009; Sakthivel et al, 2009; Hashemi et al, 2015). Aromatic or scented rice plays a vital role in global rice trading for increasing consumers demand and attractive price (Sakthivel et al, 2009; Hashemi et al, 2013)

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Conclusion