Efficient Placement of Charging Stations, Planning of Capacitors and Scheduling of Electric Vehicles in Smart Cities

Abstract

With the development of global conscience, the shift towards green energy in opposition to fossil fuels is rapidly increasing. As automobiles are the main source of greenhouse gas emissions, the deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) is a promising step towards greenhouse gas reduction. However, the widespread use of EVs poses significant challenges to distribution networks, such as voltage drops, fluctuation, and power losses. It is evident that joint efficient placement of charging stations (CS), scheduling of EVs and planning of capacitors (CAPs) can mitigate these challenges. To reduce losses in power distribution networks, we propose joint efficient placement of fast charging stations (FCS), scheduling of EVs, and planning of CAPs. Subject to distribution system constraints, this joint-efficient placement improves the voltage profile as well as reduces power losses. To evaluate our approach, we simulated it by carrying out real EV load data on a 34-bus radial distribution network. Simulation results demonstrate that our approach can achieve a significant reduction in losses and an improvement in voltage profile.