Abstract
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes were assessed for pod yield and physiological parameters under heat-stress and non-stress environments. The air temperatures under heat-stress environments were 35 °C and above during flowering, and below 35 °C in non-stress environments. Variability was significant for pod yield and physiological parameters among the genotypes under heat stress. A pod yield reduction of 1.5% to 43.2% was observed under heat-stress environments. However, in heat-tolerant genotypes, either stable or increased pod yield was recorded under high-temperature stress. GJG 31, ICGV 87846, ICGV 03057, ICGV 07038 and GG 20 showed an increase in pod yield by 9.0% to 47.0% at high temperatures, with a 0.65% to 3.6% increase in pod growth rate, while ICGV 06420, ICGV 87128, ICGV 97182, TCGS 1043 and ICGV 03042 are stable for pod yield and recorded a 0.25% to 3.1% increase in pod growth rate. Pod yield, hundred-seed weight, and pod growth rate under heat stress can be used as criteria for selection of heat stress tolerant-genotypes. Based on stress tolerance indices and pod yield performance, ICGVs 07246, 07012, 06039, 06040, 03042, 07038 and 06424 were identified as heat-tolerant genotypes.
Highlights
IntroductionGlobal groundnut production has almost doubled, from 23.08 m tons in 1990 to 45.22 m tons in 2013, with an increase in cultivation area to 25.44 m ha from 19.75 m ha in the same period [1]
Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an annual legume, is an important oil and food crop.Global groundnut production has almost doubled, from 23.08 m tons in 1990 to 45.22 m tons in 2013, with an increase in cultivation area to 25.44 m ha from 19.75 m ha in the same period [1]
The temperature in Environment 1 (E1) varied from 28 ◦ C to 36 ◦ C, from 29 ◦ C to 38 ◦ C in Environment 2 (E2), and 33 ◦ C to 39 ◦ C in Environment 3 (E3)
Summary
Global groundnut production has almost doubled, from 23.08 m tons in 1990 to 45.22 m tons in 2013, with an increase in cultivation area to 25.44 m ha from 19.75 m ha in the same period [1]. Future demand projections indicate an increase in global demand for groundnut and its products. To meet the growing demand, groundnut is increasingly grown outside its traditional area of adaptation and beyond its natural growing seasons. Expansion of groundnut cultivation to non-traditional areas and/or seasons happens in regions of high profitability. This is evident in a non-traditional Northern part of India, where spring cultivation of groundnut is popular owing to economic returns. Groundnut is grown in about 5.0 m ha in India, of which 20% is cultivated in post-rainy season with an average yield of
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