Abstract
The direct three-component condensation of 6-aminouracil, 6-amino-2-thiouracil or 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil, with arylaldehydes and malononitrile to generate a series of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives has been carried out over nanocrystalline MgO with high efficiency in water as a green solvent at 80 °C. The morphology and structure of the nanocrystalline MgO were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results confirmed the nanocrystalline MgO particle size is approximately 50 nm. This methodology offers significant improvements for the synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives with regard to the yield of products, simplicity in operation, and green aspects by avoiding toxic catalysts and solvents.
Highlights
MgO is a interesting material, since it has been the subject of extensive theoretical and experimental surface science studies
The direct three-component condensation of 6aminouracil, 6-amino-2-thiouracil or 6-amino-1,3dimethyluracil, with arylaldehydes and malononitrile to generate a series of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives has been carried out over nanocrystalline MgO with high efficiency in water as a green solvent at 80 °C
A number of reports have appeared in the literatures such as palladium-catalyzed oxidative coupling [14], nucleophilic-induced ring transformation [15], KF–Al2O3 [16], L-proline [17], triethylbenzylammonium chloride (TEBAC) [18], diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAHP) [19] and tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) [20]
Summary
MgO is a interesting material, since it has been the subject of extensive theoretical and experimental surface science studies. Nanocrystalline MgO has been successfully applied to perform the reaction of 6-aminouracil, 6-amino-2thiouracil or 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil with malononitrile and aldehydes in water at 80 °C to provide a series of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives in high yields (Scheme 1)
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