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Abstract
The PASADENA or PHIP effect originates from the breakdown of the parahydrogen symmetry when the two protons are found in magnetically inequivalent positions after hydrogenation. As a result, a signal enhancement of up to 104 in the proton NMR spectra can be observed. We introduce three polarization transfer techniques, namely PH-INEPT, PH-INEPT+, and INEPT(+π/4), that are highly effective to record in situ hetero NMR spectra of parahydrogen-labeled compounds. A complete product operator treatment as well as experimental results for 13C and 29Si have been given. With these sequences we obtained a signal enhancement of 500 which allows in situ NMR investigations of hetero nuclear systems at natural abundance.
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