Efficient microstrip ring resonator antennas for glucose measurement

Abstract

Measurement of glucose levels in blood is very important to for diabetes control in the body. The existing blood glucose measurement techniques are painful and expensive. Microwave resonator sensors can be useful for non-invasive determination of blood glucose levels. In this paper, low profile single fold and double fold microstrip ring resonator antennas are designed for use as sensors in non-invasive techniques. With the change in glucose concentration, the dielectric constant of the superstrate material placed above the designed ring resonator antenna changes. Thus, resonant characteristic of antenna varies and a high frequency shift is observed compared to simple ring resonator i.e. for slight change in glucose concentration, there is a large frequency shift which therefore indicates better resolution. The proposed double fold ring resonator antenna gives 10-30 MHz shift in frequency for every 10% change in glucose concentration. The proposed single fold antenna covers 37.66% lesser area and the double fold antenna covers 59.74% lesser area as compared to the ring resonator structure. The proposed microstrip antenna resonators are designed using Advanced Design System.