Efficient high-dimensional cyclic quantum teleportation via a 3-dimensional GHZ state in a noisy environment

Abstract

This paper studies the novel efficient protocol for teleporting two-qutrit states using a quantum system operating in a noisy environment. A novel Cyclic Quantum Teleportation (CYQT) protocol facilitates the exchange of unknown two-qutrit states among three users, using the quantum channel of a nine-qutrits entangled state. The specialty of the proposed protocol is that the users can only apply a few three-dimensional GHZ-state measurements on their particles and can transmit more quantum information. After that, we analyze the protocol's performance in the presence of a noisy environment, including trit-flip noise, phase-flip noise, and amplitude-damping noise on the teleported state between users where they share an entangled quantum channel. We found that the protocol's fidelity is influenced by the initial state of the amplitude coefficient and the noise intensity. Further, we subjected the protocol to various attacks to ensure its security. This evaluation clearly shows that CYQT is robust in ensuring secure communication.