Efficient fabrication of oxazolidinones for the carboxylative cyclization with carbon dioxide

Abstract

Overuse of fossil energy has accelerated the development of industrialization and improved the quality of human life. However, it also leads to the excessive emission of CO2, and the greenhouse effect is threatening global climate stability and human health. Various countries have implemented measures and initiatives to promote carbon emission reduction and the carbon cycle. Chemical capture and utilizing CO2 generated by fossil energy combustion has proved an efficient and valuable method. This review describes the recent progress in synthesizing high-value-added oxazolidinones from CO2 as a C1 source. Firstly, the development and value of oxazolidinones are discussed, and the necessity of finding efficient and green chemical synthesis methods for oxazolidinones is proved. Furthermore, the significance of the CO2 cycloaddition reaction in the green and efficient synthesis of oxazolidinones is introduced, and we summarize and compare various transition metal-based and organic-based reaction systems that catalyze the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 to oxazolidinones. In order to achieve potential industrial applications, the significance of novel heterogeneous catalysts, such as atomically dispersed catalysis for the CO2 reduction reaction, is expounded by comparing the characteristics of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Finally, the interaction mechanism of cycloaddition reaction between CO2 and N-propargylamine is discussed in the metallic and metal-free catalytic system, which provides insights for the precise design and control of the reaction and promotes the further development of catalytic systems.