Abstract
In this study, a novel magnetically recoverable hybrid, MnFe2O4/δ-MnO2, was synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal method and used as a heterogeneous catalyst to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for sulfadiazine (SDZ) degradation. The structural properties of the catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, FTIR, BET, VSM and XPS. The effects of some key parameters were evaluated. Complete removal of 10 mg L−1 SDZ was achieved with 0.2 g L−1 MnFe2O4/δ-MnO2, 2.0 mM PMS at initial pH of 6.0 in 30 min. Significantly, the MnFe2O4/δ-MnO2+PMS system was effective and almost unaffected by pH values. Higher temperature accelerated the SDZ degradation, and the activation energy was determined to be 42.7 KJ mol‒1. Besides, the MnFe2O4/δ-MnO2 exhibited excellent reusability and stability with low leaking of metal ions after five consecutive cycles. Both electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and radicals quenching tests identified both SO4– and OH were involved and SO4– played a dominant role on the SDZ degradation. In addition, the possible reaction mechanism of MnFe2O4/δ-MnO2+PMS system for SDZ removal was clarified and the degradation pathways of SDZ were also proposed.
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