Abstract
Viscoelastic polymers containing gas-filled voids are frequently used to fabricate anechoic linings for water-filled tanks. Shaped sheets or wedges of the polymer can be employed to provide efficient linings—efficiency being measured in terms of the degree and frequency bandwidth of the acoustical reflectivity; and in terms of cost of the installed treatment. Acoustical efficiency results by virtue of the gradual transition from the impedance of water to a highly dissipative region. Pecuniary efficiency results from minimization of the volume of polymer required to fabricate the treatment. However, neither acoustical nor pecuniary efficiency can be realized without the use of a viscoelastic polymer whose moduli and loss factor are appropriate for the frequency and temperature regions over which the tank is to operate. A geometric transition concept and a family of polymers is described that provide the versatility to design anechoic tank linings capable of providing 10 dB or more reflection loss over several decades of frequency and water temperatures ranging between freezing and boiling.
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