Abstract
Finite element analysis is commonly used to investigate the thermal-mechanical phenomena during welding. To improve the computing efficiency of finite element analysis for welding thermal conduction, a novel Newton–Raphson method (NRM) without the computation of inverse matrix and a hybrid method combing the NRM and conventional implicit method (IMP) were developed. Comparison of computing time between the hybrid method implemented in an in-house software JWRIAN and the IMP used in a commercial software ABAQUS indicated that the computing speed of the former was about 4.5 times faster than that of the latter. Additionally, compared to the conventional IMP, the NRM exhibited higher computing efficiency in the analysis of transient thermal conduction during the welding heating process. Meanwhile, a combined hybrid method of the NRM and IMP was verified to be more efficient in analyzing the welding thermal conduction throughout the heating and cooling processes. Moreover, the thermal cycles computed by the hybrid method were consistent with those from experimental measurement, indicating the high accuracy of the hybrid method. Furthermore, the hybrid method was used to predict the temperature field of the corner boxing fillet joint welded by a low transformation temperature weld metal for generation of compressive residual stress.
Highlights
Welding is one of the most practical techniques for assembling structures [1], such as ships, automobiles, and electronic goods [2]
The theoretical solution of the temperature field is based on the following inaccurate assumptions: the material properties are independent of temperature; there is no heat exchange between welded components and the surroundings; the heat sources are concentrated at a point, line, or plane
The accuracy and efficiency in computing temperature fields of a singlepass butt-welded pipe using the proposed methods are compared to those obtained with the conventional implicit method (IMP) in the commercial software ABAQUS
Summary
Welding is one of the most practical techniques for assembling structures [1], such as ships, automobiles, and electronic goods [2]. Eagar and Tsai [9] modified the theoretical solution and proposed a Gaussian-distributed two-dimensional-surface heat source to predict the temperature of the semi-infinite weldment. Various heat source models were established utilizing different formulations [13,14,15,16,17], which showed a good agreement with experimental data in temperature fields of welded joints. To improve the computing efficiency of transient heat conduction simulations, a novel Newton–Raphson method (NRM) and its combination with the conventional implicit method (IMP) are proposed in this study to simulate temperature field. The accuracy and efficiency in computing temperature fields of a singlepass butt-welded pipe using the proposed methods are compared to those obtained with the conventional implicit method (IMP) in the commercial software ABAQUS. The proposed method is applied to predicting the thermal cycles of elongated weld in corner boxing fillet–welded joint
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