Abstract
This Minireview presents recent important homogenous aerobic oxidative reactions which are assisted by electron transfer mediators (ETMs). Compared with direct oxidation by molecular oxygen (O2), the use of a coupled catalyst system with ETMs leads to a lower overall energy barrier via stepwise electron transfer. This cooperative catalytic process significantly facilitates the transport of electrons from the reduced form of the substrate‐selective redox catalyst (SSRCred) to O2, thereby increasing the efficiency of the aerobic oxidation. In this Minireview, we have summarized the advances accomplished in recent years in transition‐metal‐catalyzed as well as metal‐free aerobic oxidations of organic molecules in the presence of ETMs. In addition, the recent progress of photochemical and electrochemical oxidative functionalization using ETMs and O2 as the terminal oxidant is also highlighted. Furthermore, the mechanisms of these transformations are showcased.
Highlights
(H2O2) are environmentally friendly and highly atom-efficient oxidants that generate no toxic byproducts.[3]
The first catalytic application of hydrogenations and transfer hydrogenations with this type of catalyst was reported by Casey and Guan in 2007.[56]. Since given their unique catalytic behavior, easy access from abundant iron sources, and good stability, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of catalytic applications using these catalysts.[57]
Aerobic oxidation reactions are of fundamental importance in chemical science and are widely applied in synthetic organic chemistry
Summary
The development of economic and environmentally benign synthetic methods has recently become an important but challenging goal in organic chemistry.[1]. Jie Liu was born in 1990 in Hunan (China) He studied at Wuhan University, where he obtained his BS and MSc degrees in 2012 and 2014 under the supervision of Prof. Jan-Erling Bäckvall was born in Malung (Sweden) in 1947 He received his PhD from the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, in 1975 with Prof. Stahl and co-workers published a review on the use of various ligands that improve catalyst efficiency and stability in aerobic oxidations with increased selectivity.[14] On the other hand, coupled catalytic systems with an ETM can facilitate the relay of electrons between the Pd catalyst and O2. These coupled catalytic systems have been demonstrated to be highly efficient in Wacker oxidations, allylic oxidations, C-H activations, and carbocyclizations
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