Abstract
The possibility of improving the oxidative stability of sunflower oil by enriching it with carotenoids from Delonix regia petals was studied. A combination of ultrasound-assisted extraction and stirring techniques was used. The optimal conditions were material/solvent ratio of 1:20 (w/v), ultrasonic power of 30 W and extraction time of 50 min. Under these conditions, the yield of total carotenoids was 503.0 μg/g dry weight. Increasing the acoustic power density degraded carotenoids. A HPLC analysis was used for the quantification of β-carotene in the extract. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power of the carotenoid-rich extract were found to be superior to the standard Butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT). The enrichment of sunflower oil with carotenoid-rich extract at 67.46 mg carotenoids/kg oil improved its oxidative stability by more than 50% as measured by the Rancimat method. These results suggest that the investigated extract has the potential to be used as a bio-preservative in food products.
Highlights
Sunflower oil is susceptible to oxidation because it contains high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids
These results suggest that the investigated extract has the potential to be used as a bio-preservative in food products
The results of this study indicate that the independent factors in the ultrasound extraction had a significant effect on the extraction yield of carotenoids from the petals of Delonix regia
Summary
Sunflower oil is susceptible to oxidation because it contains high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lipid oxidation produces rancid flavors and degrades the quality and safety of food products which are rich in oils (Upadhyay and Mishra, 2015). Natural and synthetic antioxidants are added to edible oils to delay oxidation, and prolong the shelf-life of food products. Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook), commonly known as Poinciana regia, Royal Poinciana, or Gul mohar, is a member of the Caesalpinioideae family. It is a large ornamental tree with red peacock flowers (Vargas et al, 2010). Veigas et al, (2012) reported that the antioxidant potential of D. regia flowers may be related to their high content of carotenoids
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