Abstract
Ultrasonic exposure can be used for depolymerization of brown algae polysaccharides. However, its effectiveness depends on several factors, including cavitation activity in the treatment medium. Therefore, the purpose of the work was to determine the cavitation activity and the effectiveness of the ultrasonic exposure to fucoidan in order to optimize the processing processes of polysaccharide from brown algae. A change in cavitation activity was revealed depending on the composition of the processing environment, as well as on the intensity of ultrasonic exposure with a constant frequency of the ultrasonic wave. Similar dynamics of change of cavitation activity were established at the intensity of ultrasonic treatment of 100 and 133 W/cm2 with amplification of electric signal at the increase of ultrasound intensity. The use of SDS in the processing medium led to an increase in cavitation activity to 14.9±0.47 mV. Treatment of the fucoidan solution for 40 minutes under various conditions allowed to obtain fractions with a change in the average hydrodynamic particle diameter from 113 nm (100 W/cm2) to 85 nm (200 W/cm2) and 124 nm (SDS).
Highlights
Fucoidans are of great interest among biopolymers of marine origin
The purpose of the work was to determine the cavitation activity and the effectiveness of ultrasonic treatment to fucoidan in order to optimize the processing of polysaccharide from brown algae
Cavitation is the formation of bubbles experiencing local pressure fluctuations, the occurrence of which is possible under the influence of an ultrasonic wave [13]
Summary
Fucoidans are of great interest among biopolymers of marine origin. As a rule, this polysaccharide has a high molecular weight, which limits its industrial use. Ultrasonic treatment is often used in order to lower the molecular weight of polymers, in polysaccharides in particular [7, 8]. This method is simple and environmentally friendly. The cavities are formed in the environment – cavitation bubbles. As a result of the cavitation bubble collapse, a shock wave is created with the formation of an acoustic flow leading to the formation of turbulence due to the continuous formation and collapse of cavities in the system. Shock waves, intense local heating (about 5000 °C) and high pressure
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