Efficiency of spring wheat seeds treatment with Trichodermin and Sporobacterin

Abstract

The results of the study to determine the effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of medium-early variety Novosibirskaya 31 with biopreparations are presented. The scientific experiment was conducted in the forest-steppe conditions of the Priob'ye region in 2019-2021. The effect of biological preparations on the development of fungal diseases of wheat and on the main parameters of sowing: the density of plants, their height and biomass, flag leaf area, ear structure and grain yield were studied. With the increase of root rot during the growing season from 1,3 to 3,4% to the phase of bushing and up to 10,0% by the end of the growing season the efficiency of seed treatment with Trichodermin, Sporobacterin and Scarlet bio-detergent was 32, 53 and 56% at the beginning of the growing season and 21, 27 and 36% - in the phase of milk-wax ripeness of grain. Trichodermin and Sporobacterin preparations were moderately effective against septoriosis (40 and 34%), against powdery mildew (29 and 24%), and the disinfectant Scarlet suppressed leaf infections by 51 and 43% against 9.3% and 9.0% of the control. The length of the wheat sprouts in the phase of the 2nd leaf in the variants of Trichodermin, Sporobacterin, Scarlet was greater than the control by 7.6; 11.1 and 4.6%. The greatest growth-stimulating effect was observed when the seeds were treated with Sporobacterin. In the phase of milk-wax ripeness the density of the wheat plants increased compared to the control by 8,3, 21,7 and 15,2% respectively, the productive stem structure was higher when using biopreparations by 15,2%, Scarlet dressing - by 17,4%. The grain harvest increased relative to the control (2.31 t/ha) in Trichodermin and Sporobacterin variants by 0.30 and 0.37 t/ha, Scarlet - by 0.22 t/ha. As a result of seed treatment with Scarlet the grain was obtained with protein content of 13,25%, while application of biofungicides Trichodermin, Sporobacterin increased it by 0,14 and 0,28% relative to the control (13,3%). As a result of the studies, it has been shown that the biopreparations Trichodermin and Sporobacterin are able to contain the development of diseases at a relatively low level, slightly inferior to the chemical preparation. With their growth-stimulating properties, they can provide grain yields even higher than when using a dressing.