Efficiency of spring barley haploid production in anther culture in vitro: comparison of basic and improved technologies

Abstract

Aim. Evaluation of innovative methodological approaches elaborated on model genotypes for usability to increase frequencies of morphogenic structure induction and plant regeneration in anther culture in vitro in spring barley diverse material. Methods. Spikes isolated from F1 and F2 hybrids of four crosses were pretreated using an improved method (4ºC, 28 days), and anthers were inoculated onto nutrient media containing chemically modified starches D5-M and D5a-1 instead of agar. In control cut tillers were emerged in water and pretreated at 4ºC for 5 days. Anthers were cultivated on agar solidified medium. Results. Positive effects of the improved method of cold pretreatment and cultivation of anthers on media solidified with starches were confirmed. The advantage of new gelling agent D5a-1 was proved. Particularly, its usage resulted in a three-fold increase in the frequency of green plant regeneration. Conclusions. In order to increase spring barley androgenic haploid yield, combination of prolonged cold pretreatment with anther cultivation on media solidified with chemically modified starches instead of agar in an integrated technological process is reasonable.
 Keywords: Hordeum vulgare L., anther culture in vitro, cold pretreatment, starch, agar, embryo formation, plant regeneration.