Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of specific organic osmotic agents, namely, Sucrose draw solution and Glucose draw solution against deionized water in a Forward Osmosis (FO) process using NF flat sheet membrane. The key parameters affecting the FO process studied were: temperature, flow rates of osmotic agent and feed water, and concentration of osmotic agent. The experimental results showed that increasing the concentration of osmotic agents yield lower water flux, recovery percentage and permeability, along with an apparent increase in the specific energy consumption. Although the findings indicated superior performance of Glucose over Sucrose as a better osmotic agent, it has to be emphasized that both organics were ineffective draw solutions against deionized water for the Nano-filtration (TFC-SR2) membrane used in this study and the given operating parameters.
Highlights
Desalination technologies such as Reverse Osmosis (RO), thermal Multi-Stage-Filtration (MSF) and Multi Effect Distillation (MED) play a primary role in meeting the global fresh water demand
In Forward Osmosis (FO) process, net water movement occurs through a semipermeable membrane from a low-concentration solution to a higher-concentration solution (DS) under the osmotic pressure gradient across the membrane [10]
The primary objective of this study was to investigate the performance of organic osmotic agents such as Sucrose and Glucose using an NF membrane to regenerate them
Summary
Desalination technologies such as Reverse Osmosis (RO), thermal Multi-Stage-Filtration (MSF) and Multi Effect Distillation (MED) play a primary role in meeting the global fresh water demand. These technologies are energy intensive, leading to high water production cost [1]. FO has emerged as one of the low-cost alternative technologies in the water-treatment industry. FO has been used to treat industrial wastewaters to concentrate landfill leachate by increasing water flux [13,14,15,16]. FO is used to treat liquid foods in the food industry to increase concentration of sugar contents in smaller rather than bigger industries [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]
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