EFFICIENCY OF NATURAL GROWTH REGULATORS IN CARROT PRODUCTION

Abstract

Utilization of natural biostimulators- secondary metabolits of plants in carrot production was studied. Purified fractions with glycoside content are characterized with extraction and adsorption chromatography from the next plants: linarosides – from Linaria vulgaris Mill. L., melampyrosides - from Melampyrum nemorosum L., genistifoliosides - from Linaria genistifolia L., verbascosides - from Verbascum phlomoides L., melongosides - from Solanum melongena L. and tomatoside – from Solanum lycopersicum L. The former substance was registered under market mark “ecostim”. Prospective preparations for the improvement plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses have been identified in laboratory tests. Treatment of carrot seeds with water solutions of such substances accelerates plant growth, increases yield and improves quality of storage roots. We determined regimes of seed treatment (substance concentration, time of exposition) and gave recommends by using of natural regulators in the technologic scheme of carrot cultivation. Using secondary metabolites of higher plants stimulates the energy of germination (on 1,5-6,7%) and increases the field germination of carrot seeds (on 23-40%). It accelerates leaves growth and increases the mass of storage roots, improves biochemical characteristics of storage roots (accumulation the β- carotene and decreasing of nitrates content). Yield of storage roots increases on 4,2-8,5 t/ha, and yield of market quality roots increases on 4-6 t/ha.