EFFICIENCY OF INHALATION AND PARENTAL THERAPY OF ACUTE BRONCHIAL OBSTRUCTION SYNDROME BY INFECTIOUS OR ALLERGIC GENESIS IN CHILDREN. PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUE OF INHALATIONS

Abstract

Relevance. Diseases of the respiratory organs occupy the first ranked place in the structure of the incidence of children, reaching 50-75 % in the regions of Ukraine. The prevalence of the syndrome of bronchial hyperactivity increases . Objective: to study the effectiveness of nebulizer therapy for relief of acute bronchial obstruction syndrome in children with exacerbation of recurrent bronchitis or bronchial asthma. Materials and methods. 52 children of school age with acute bronchial hyperactivity (recurrent bronchitis – 28, bronchial asthma – 24) were examined. Two groups were formed by randomization: the main group (27 children) and the control group (25 children). Both groups were representative by sex, age, nosological diagnosis and severity of the disease. All children received basic therapy with topical glucocorticosteroids by nebulization. Children of the main group received intensive treatment by salbutamol inhalation during the first treatment day, and on 2–5 days as in the control group only 3 times a day. Children of the control group received inhalations together with intravenous drip infusions of euphyllin and dexamethasone. Results. In both groups, there was a dynamic regression of cough and sputum excretion, but in the main group, the rate of disappearance of cough by the 5th day of treatment was 3 times, and by the 10th day – 2,3 times higher, than in the control (p < 0.05); the rate of disappearance of sputum within 10 days is 1,7 times higher, respectively (p <0.05). Positive changes were confirmed by an auscultative pattern, the normalization of which occurred earlier for 1 week in patients receiving intensive nebulization bronchodilator therapy during the first day of the treatment. Conclusions. Competent use of nebulizers allows to increase the effectiveness of treatment of children with acute bronchial obstructive syndrome. Early relief of bronchospasm promotes faster normalization of inspiratory flow and respiration recovery. As a result, the terms of recovery and length of stay of children in the hospital are shortened.