Abstract
The article presents the results of research on the efficiency of the solar collector system in south-eastern Poland. The basis of the article are the results of actual measurements recorded by the system measuring in 5 years (2014-2018). Three solar collectors with a total gross area of 6.3 m2 are used to heat utility water in a single-family house. The average annual heat production in this system was 1916 kWh. The system’s work was characterized by high seasonal and daily variability, which is related to the Polish climate’s specificity. Using the energy production data, the reduction of pollutant emissions achieved by changing the energy carrier was calculated: from electricity to heat from a renewable source, which is solar radiation. The installation of solar collectors allowed for satisfying part of the energy demand as well as reducing the emission of greenhouse gases and other pollutants into the atmosphere.
Highlights
The increase in the population's energy demand has contributed to the search for alternative sources of energy
Even considerable insolation that occurs this month does not have a significant impact on the operation of solar collectors, unlike photovoltaic panels, which in low-temperature conditions have higher efficiency [22]
From 2014 a solar collector system has been used in a single-family house located in the south-eastern part of Poland
Summary
The increase in the population's energy demand has contributed to the search for alternative sources of energy. One of the most commonly used renewable energy sources (RES) is solar radiation. Solar energy is indicated as the most important source of energy for humanity in the long term, when the importance of other renewable energy sources decreases, i.e., in about 100-150 years [5]. Solar radiation is used to generate electricity using photovoltaic panels [6] and thermo-solar power plants [7], heat on the scale of single-family buildings [8] and multi-family buildings [9], desalination water [10], drying of agricultural products [11], as well as in various hybrid combinations [12]. By appropriate construction and location of buildings in relation to the incident sun rays, their heat balance can be improved [13]
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