Efficiency of Extracted Propolis with Four Solvents Against Third Instar Larvae of Culex Pipiens Molestus Forskal (Diptera:Culcidae)

Abstract

The effect of ethanolic, acetonic, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of propolis against 3rd instar larvae of Culex pipiens molestus Forskal (Diptera:Culicidae) in various concentrations was investigated in this work. A con. of (300 ppm) of ethanolic extract of propolis on a 3rd day of treatment, had a lethal effect on mosquito 3rd instar larvae, resulting in a mortality rate of 100%, followed by a con. of (250 ppm), which caused in a morality rate of 91.52 percent of larva during the seventh day of experiment. The acetone extract con. of (1000 ppm), on the other hand, killed almost all of the larvae during the 3rd day of experiment, while the (750 ppm) con., killed 89.65 percent of the larva on the seventh day of experiment. On a fourth day of experiment, a con. of (1000 ppm) of methanol extract of propolis caused 100 percent mortality of larvae, followed by a con. of (750 ppm) that caused 90 percent fatality of larvae during the seventh day of experiment. In the status of the aqueous extract, the mortality percentage reached 100% on the 6th day of experiment at a con. of (5000 ppm), followed by 66.66 percent mortality of larvae during the 7th day of experiment at a con. of (4000 ppm), compared to the control group, where the highest percentage was 3.33 percent in the acetonic extract of propolis.