Efficiency increase in excavation control as primary reserve of performance increase for open-pit excavators

Olga Lukashuk,Konstantin Letnev,Anatoliy Komissarov,S Bratan,S Roshchupkin,S Leonov,S Gorbatyuk

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201822402028

Abstract

It is shown that controlling excavation of rock mass using an open-pit excavator with a front shovel as its operational equipment is quite a difficult task due to the complexity of control under almost nonstop adjustment of velocities of working motions (hoisting and thrusting). It was established that operation parameters of the main mechanisms depend on the type of path of motion and position of the bucket in the excavator’s work area. The process of excavation was algorithmically described, and kinematic transfer functions for the operational equipment mechanism were determined, characterizing correlations between the velocity of excavation and the velocities of working motions.

Highlights

The tasks of the research are: - to define kinematic transfer functions of the operational equipment mechanism while the bucket is moved within an excavator’s work area; - to determine the range of variation for operation parameters of the main mechanisms in the process of rock mass excavation
The process of excavation – which involves moving the bucket up to the maximal height of excavation while separating the upper layer of rock mass («chips») and filling the bucket – is characterized by interaction between the main mechanisms and the operational equipment mechanism, which connects the main mechanisms with the bucket (Fig. 1)
In a general form, the results of simulation modeling represent functionals – dependencies between calculated energy-force parameters realized on the bucket at a specified point of the work area and appropriate operation parameters of the main mechanisms and drives

Summary

Introduction

Open-pit excavators are the main type of excavation-and-loading machinery used in open pits. Bearing in mind the current situation of limited material and energy resources, it is paramount to increase the technical level of technological equipment and develop highproduction, resource-saving machinery. The solution of this problem could be based on a complex approach which would utilize the results of scientific research obtained both from engineering science and studies of the processes which are inherent in the operation of technological machines. Analysis of publications on open-pit excavators [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] showed that those are mainly concerned with finding new technical solutions, modeling operating process-es, automating and robotizing machinery, and optimizing equipment parameters. The problems of forming operational characteristics of the main mechanisms of excavators, their role in defining energy-force parameters of the working process of excavation and, in general, the quality of control and efficiency of operation have not been covered enough for open-pit excavators

The goal of the research and its tasks

The solution of the tasks

Conclusion