Abstract
A novel alternating TiO2 structure was used as an active layer for dye-sensitized solar cells. The TiO2 film was prepared with pure TiO2 nanoparticle paste and mixed polystyrene–TiO2 paste to form an alternating configuration of dense TiO2 and micro-/nano-composite porous TiO2. The solar cell efficiency was enhanced from 4.91% to 5.58%. A dense TiO2 layer forms a closer contact with the conducting substrate, and the micro-/nano-composite porous TiO2 layer favorites dye absorption. Thus, their combination offered better performance. This improvement was attributed to the enhancement of light harvesting, more efficient dye absorption, lower resistance, and longer electron lifetime.
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