Abstract
BackgroundTo determine effects and side effects of topical application of phenylephrine 2.5% and tropicamide 0.5% combination in preterm infants.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, 60 infants undergoing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening were prospectively observed. Pupillary diameter, blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation were monitored before and after up to 24 h during ROP screening examinations.ResultsThe mean pupillary diameter 1 h after the instillation of drops was 5.58 ± 0.75 mm for both eyes. The mean systolic and diastolic pressure and oxygen saturation of infants did not change statistically until the end of the study. The average heart rate decreased by a mean of 4.96 beats/minute from the baseline following eye drops instillation. General condition deterioration, fall in oxygen saturation and bradycardia were observed in 4 infants that already had respiratory distress syndrome.ConclusionThe phenylephrine 2.5% plus tropicamide 0.5% drop is effective and safe as mydriatic combination for retinopathy of prematurity screening. In infants with an additional systemic disease such as respiratory distress syndrome, the side effects of mydriatic drops may be more common. Such babies should be kept under close observation.Trial registrationThe trial was retrospectively registered on 28 February 2018. The ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier is NCT03448640.
Highlights
To determine effects and side effects of topical application of phenylephrine 2.5% and tropicamide 0.5% combination in preterm infants
We investigated the pupil dilation effects and side effects of the triple instillation of phenylephrine 2.5% plus tropicamide 0.5% ophthalmic drop combination, which we routinely use in the retinopathy of the prematurity (ROP) examination
Three times repetition of instillation of phenylephrine 2.5% and tropicamide 0.5% combination can be considered effective and safe for ROP examinations of premature infants hospitalized in the intensive care unit
Summary
To determine effects and side effects of topical application of phenylephrine 2.5% and tropicamide 0.5% combination in preterm infants. Advances in perinatal and neonatal care have increased the survival of extremely preterm infants and the number of infants undergoing retinopathy of prematurity examinations [1, 2]. Anti-parasympathetic (tropicamide, and cyclopentolate) and sympathetic agonist (phenylephrine), either alone or in various concentrations and combinations, are commonly used to mydriasis. Our aim in this study, after ROP examination, is to determine the characteristics of babies whose general condition deteriorated. We investigated the pupil dilation effects and side effects of the triple instillation of phenylephrine 2.5% plus tropicamide 0.5% ophthalmic drop combination, which we routinely use in the retinopathy of the prematurity (ROP) examination
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