Abstract
We conducted numerical simulations of a heat pump system connected to a horizontal ground heat exchanger (HGHX), using a coupling of the hygro-thermal simulation software DELPHIN with Modelica. The aim was to study the influence of different HGHX sizes and assemblies as well as the impact of passive cooling on the systems efficiency. We found that the required ground area could be reduced by up to 70 % compared to the recommendation of German standard when the pipes are placed in multiple layers. Passive cooling is possible but has a negligible effect on the systems efficiency.
Highlights
Modern industrial countries like Germany are undertaking a transformation of their mainly fossil-based energy systems
Ground heat sources can be divided into two different types: Borehole Heat Exchangers (BHX), which are usually installed in a depth up to 100 m and Horizontal Ground Heat Exchangers (HGHX), which are buried within the first 3 m below the surface
We conducted simulations of a heat pump system connected to a horizontal ground heat exchanger (HGHX)
Summary
Modern industrial countries like Germany are undertaking a transformation of their mainly fossil-based energy systems. The majority of the sold devices are air-sourced with a relatively low efficiency compared to ground coupled heat pumps. Ground heat sources can be divided into two different types: Borehole Heat Exchangers (BHX), which are usually installed in a depth up to 100 m and Horizontal Ground Heat Exchangers (HGHX), which are buried within the first 3 m below the surface. While the installation of BHX is limited due to environmental restrictions (e.g. in water protection areas), high investment costs and area demand are considered the most important factors that prevent HGHX from installation. In order to lower both, area demand and investment costs, sizing of HGHX must be more precise, taking into account the phase change enthalpy of soil water. The placement of HGHX pipes in multiple horizontal layers allows for further savings in area demand and installation costs
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