Efficiency analysis of use atmospheric optical transmission systems

Abstract

One of the scientific and technological progress characteristics at the beginning of the XXI century is the growing need for the processing, transmission, and preservation of various information types. The wideband and bimodality electromagnetic vibrations of the optical range, the visual perception availability, and the electrical neutrality of photons are best suited for the processing and transmission large amounts of information, including those presented in images and video. Examples of such systems are atmospheric (open) optical transmission systems. Their distinctive feature is the extremely high density of information in the channel and extremely high speeds of its transmission. For entering, processing, retransmission of data in atmospheric optical transmission systems, devices are required - analogs of super-high frequency functional devices but operating in the optical range with the amount of information and processing speed. The same level of technology is required for the processing of signals from radio-frequency systems, recognition systems, image recovery, and reading machines. Fiber-optic transmission system networks consist of active and passive components and devices (modules), through which information is transmitted. The last one has the form of the electric group (multichannel) signal in digital or analog transmission systems. This electric signal modulates one of the parameters (amplitude, frequency, phase, polarization, intensity) of the optical carrier oscillation, which can propagate in an optical fiber with a slight fading and form distortion. Under the component of the fiber-optic transmission system, we mean optics or optoelectronics product, designed to perform one or more functions in the formation, transmission, distribution, transformation, and processing optical signal. First of all, the components according to the principle of action can be divided into active and passive. Active components (modules) require an external power supply for their work), and passive ones are not. Examples of active components are radiation sources and receivers, transmitting and receiving devices, optical amplifiers, etc. Passive components such as optical fibers, connectors, filters, wave multi- and dimplexelectors and converters, splitters, valves, attenuators, reflectors, and others. An analysis of the parameters that determine the value of the possible energy potential of atmospheric optical transmission systems is carried out. The directions for increasing the reliability of atmospheric optical transmission systems due to the use of new optimization approaches are considered