Efficacy of Various Antihypertensive Drugs in the Treatment of Hypertension in the Patients of End-Stage Renal Disease Leading to Haemodialysis- A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the patients of end-stage renal disease leading to hemodialysis. Majority of these patients suffers from hypertension and adequate control of blood pressure is a challenge in these patients because of multifactorial etiology and complicated pharmacokinetic changes in these patients. The present study aims is to find out the best possible drug or combination of drugs that can provide better control of blood pressure and improve the quality of life of these patients. Methodology: A retrospective study was carried out on the patients who attended the Haemodialysis unit of Hakeem Abdul Hamid Centenary hospital from July 2015 to June-2016 (one year), data on antihypertensive drugs and blood pressure control (pre-dialysis and post-dialysis) were recorded and analyzed. Result: 68.75% patients on haemodialysis were suffering from hypertension and were on antihypertensive medication. A combination of amlodipine and clonidine were the most frequently prescribed antihypertensive agents. Muscle cramps an acute rise in blood pressure and hypotension were the most frequently encountered intradialytic complications in these patients. Conclusion: Although a combination of Amlodipine and Clonidine was most frequently prescribed antihypertensive medication in these patients these drugs were associated with intradialytic complications like muscle cramps and hypotension. Amlodipine with beta-adrenoceptor blocker (metoprolol or bisoprolol) provided best control of blood pressure in these patients with least intradialytic complications.