EFFICACY OF USING PLATELET CONCENTRATES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HORIZONTAL RIDGE DEFECTS (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The use of platelet concentrates remains controversial. Several techniques for platelet concentrates are available and eachmethod leads to a different product with different biology and potential uses. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous biomaterial composedof a fibrin clot matrix entrapping leukocytes, cytokines, living progenitor cells, and platelets capable of releasing various growth factors. Oneof the recent platelet concentrates is the mineralized plasmatic matrix (MPM) which has a different way of preparation. It creates a stablehomogeneous single-moldable compound.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this experimental study was to compare the effect of PRF to MPM when combined with biphasic calciumphosphate alloplast in treating horizontal critical sized ridge defects in a canine model.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A split mouth design was carried out using the third and fourth mandibular premolars of two healthymongrel dogs. A total of eight horizontal critical sized ridge defects were surgically created. The defects on the left side (group I); weremanaged with MPM composite, MPM compact layer, then collagen membrane. On the right side (group II); defects were managed with PRFmixed with biphasic calcium phosphate alloplast followed by the application of PRF compact strips, then collagen membrane. The dogs weresacrificed after 4 weeks. Samples were dissected and prepared for histological evaluation.RESULTS: Histological results showed that quality of bone formed in MPM group was superior to PRF. This was evident with the formationof well-organized compact bone in MPM specimens versus immature woven trabecular bone in PRF ones.CONCLUSIONS: The fibrin network that is produced in the MPM composite allows for its homogeneity. This offers a very good stability forthe graft which was found to be more effective in enhancing wound healing during guided bone regeneration of horizontal ridge defects.KEYWORDS: Platelet Rich Fibrin, Mineralized Plasmatic Matrix, Guided bone regeneration, Horizontal ridge defects, Biphasic calcium