Efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss before and after lower segment caesarean section: A prospective case control study

Abstract

Introduction: Maternal mortality and morbidity due to haemorrhage still remains the major cause of maternal death worldwide. So, it becomes very important to reduce the blood loss during and after delivery so as to reduce the maternal mortality. tranexamic acid an anti-fibrinolytic which is used in various fields to reduce blood loss intra operatively is also used in obstetrics to reduce the blood loss in both vaginal delivery and LSCS.Objectives: To study the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing the blood loss during and after lower segment caesarean section. Methods: A randomised prospective case control study was conducted on 200 pregnant women was conducted. 100 of them was given 1 gm tranexamic acid 10-15 minutes before surgery and 100 of them were not given TXA and blood loss was calculated from placental delivery to skin closure and from skin closure to 2 hours postpartum. Results: Tranexamic acid significantly reduce the blood loss, 322ml in study group from placental delivery to skin closure vs 425 ml in study group (p< 0.001); 52.4ml in study group from skin closure to 2 hours postpartum vs 71.9ml in control group (p< 0.001). Overall a total blood loss of 374ml in study group vs 495 ml in control group which was statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Tranexamic acid significantly reduces the blood loss during and after lower segment caesarean section and reduces the need for blood and blood products transfusion.