Abstract
Efficacy of Three Bioinsecticide and A methomyl Insecticide Against Cotton Leafworm Larvae, Spodoptera littoralis under Controlled Semi-field Conditions at El-Behara Governorate
Highlights
The cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an extremely dangerous pest, the larvae of which can defoliate many economically important crops cutting across over 40 families (EPPO, 2008) or 112 plants belonging to 44 families (Moussa et al, 1960 and Hatem et al, 2009) in a broad geographical area including Southern Spain, the Middle East, and both Northern and Central Africa (Carter, 1984 and Gómez and Arroyo, 1994)
Gradual decrease in larval mortality was detected started from the 6th day of application
The 2nd instar larval mortality was greater than the 4th instar larval mortality suggesting that the 2nd instar larvae were more susceptible than the 4th instar larvae
Summary
The cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an extremely dangerous pest, the larvae of which can defoliate many economically important crops cutting across over 40 families (EPPO, 2008) or 112 plants belonging to 44 families (Moussa et al, 1960 and Hatem et al, 2009) in a broad geographical area including Southern Spain, the Middle East, and both Northern and Central Africa (Carter, 1984 and Gómez and Arroyo, 1994). There is a serious interest in the use of microbial insecticides for biological control of the cotton leafworm, as alternatives to chemical control, since they neither leave toxic chemical residues in the environment nor do they develop resistance in their insect hosts. A promising strategy with good potential to control insect pests and, at the same time, to minimize the adverse effects of chemical insecticides is the use of microbial agents (Ahmed and ElKatatny, 2007). These groups have unique modes of action (Asher, 1993 and Thompson et al, 1999) and their properties may differ considerably from the conventional agents with which growers are familiar. In order to accomplish this purpose, three bioinsecticides ((Protecto® (Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki), Viruset® (Spodoptera littoralis NPV), and Profect® (Btk & SpliNPV)), and the organic insecticide (KUIK®), a carbamate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, were applied against the 2nd and 4th instar larvae of S. littoralis to evaluate their durability under semi-field conditions through two consecutive growing seasons; 2015 and 2016
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