Abstract
The efficacy of the new nitrification inhibitor 3,4 dimethylpyrazol succinic acid (DMPSA) was tested with calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and ammonium sulphate (AS) fertilisers in an incubation experiment using a sandy loam soil and a sandy textured soil. The experiment was conducted over 80 days. For AS fertiliser, inclusion of DMPSA resulted in significantly less NO3−-N present after 19 days in both soils. In the case of CAN, inclusion of DMPSA resulted in significantly less NO3−-N present after 45 days in the sandy loam soil and after 30 days in the sandy soil. DMPSA is effective nitrification inhibitor when combined with CAN and AS, with a mean reduction of 61% and 58%, respectively, in the average daily nitrification rate over the study period. Over the 80-day incubation period in the sandy loam soil, only 35% NH4+-N was converted to NO3−-N for AS + DMPSA compared to 88% for AS. In the sandy soil, 92% NH4+-N was converted to NO3−-N for AS compared with only 9% for AS + DMPSA by day 80. The results demonstrate that DMPSA is an effective nitrification inhibitor when combined with CAN and AS.
Highlights
Soil mineral nitrogen (N) availability is a key driver of the agronomic productivity of non-leguminous crops
The results demonstrate that dimethylpyrazol succinic acid (DMPSA) is an effective nitrification inhibitor when combined with calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and ammonium sulphate (AS)
Guardia et al [27,43] and Torralbo et al [26] found that lower nitrous oxide (N2 O) was produced when DMPSA was used with urea due to its direct and indirect effect on denitrification. This present study demonstrates that a significant effect of DMPSA was observed after 60 days in the sandy loam soil, compared with 19 and 12 days for CAN- and AS-based formulations in the sandy soil used in this experiment
Summary
Soil mineral nitrogen (N) availability is a key driver of the agronomic productivity of non-leguminous crops. Nitrogen-based fertilisers are widely used globally during intensification of agricultural systems to meet the growing demand for agricultural productivity [1]. Plant utilization of fertiliser N can frequently be less than 50% [2,3,4], with losses from agricultural soils to the environment [5,6]. Reactive fertiliser N (ammonium (NH4 + ), nitrate (NO3 − )) used in agricultural production systems is associated with soil acidification, soil and water quality issues, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [7]. In excess of plant demand, is converted to other forms of N through the nitrification–denitrification processes, increasing GHG emissions as nitrous oxide (N2 O). N fertiliser can be linked to the negative environmental impacts through ammonia (NH3 ) volatilization and NO3 − leaching [8]
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