Abstract
Abstract: Prostate cancer is a major disease of concern in adult males. Histological architectural heterogeneity has rendered challenges to diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis has been relied on Pathologist subjectivity. Major histologic features of infiltrative growth pattern, nuclear atypia and loss of basal cell on the prostate epithelium remain the most common features observed for in histopathological diagnosis. However benign mimicry of these features poses challenges to definitive diagnosis. Increasing frequency of supportive histologic features of prominent nucleoli, collagenous micronodules, perineural invasion, blue tinged mucinous secretions and intraluminal crystalloids which previously were unknown is making advancement in the diagnostic library as an additive protocol. In this study we sought to observe the frequencies of these supportive histologic features on a needle biopsy of prostate cancers. Mean age of diagnosis of prostate diseases was 69.15 ± 11.24 with incidence of prostate diseases as Benign Prostate Hyperplasia 148(50.6%), Prostate Carcinoma, 114(39.0%), Prostatitis 22(7.5%) and others 8(2.7%). In this inspection we found significant numbers of supportive histologic features on prostate cancer cases. Perineural invasion (38.1%), prominent nucleoli (34.3%), collagenous micro nodules (12.7%), intraluminal crystalloids (9.0%) and blue tinged mucinous secretions (6.0%) were explicitly expressed. The findings points to the consideration of these supportive histomorphological features in the histo-pathologic diagnosis of prostate carcinoma.
Highlights
Prostate Cancer is regarded as the most common tumor of male adults
We demonstrated statistically that it took a subject 10 years to progress to the stage of prostate disease such as inflammation to benign conditions (BPH).This contradicts earlier studies by Crawford, (2003) which predicted the progressive age as 5 years
In evaluating histologic architecture of prostate carcinoma we found Benign Prostate Hyperplasia to be predominant prostatic disease even in the light of current public health awareness
Summary
Prostate Cancer is regarded as the most common tumor of male adults. It is the considered as the second leading cause of male cancer deaths around the globe [1]. Histologic architectural presentation of the prostate gland tissue in defective conditions such as cancer is regarded as the commonest approach to diagnosis of prostate cancer [5]. Consensus has been reached as posited by Totten et al, 1953, to base diagnosis of prostate cancer on three basic histologic features such as; absence of epithelial basal cell layer, glandular infiltration of tumor and variations in nuclear structure [6]. This general approach aided by the Gleason grading which measures the extent of differentiation of prostate epithelial tissue has been used widely albeit reported challenges
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