Abstract
Apple scab, caused by Venturia Inaequalis is one of the most problematic diseases of apples in Korça region. The control of this disease requires different applications of fungicides. The aim of the study was the estimation of efficacy of sterol-inhibiting fungicides such as myclobutanil and penconazole on the control of scab disease. The effectiveness of fungicides was evaluated for two cultivars Golden Delicious and Starking and the minimum and the maximum recommended doses were applied. The obtained results showed that scab prevalence in leave ranges from 79.2% to 85.6% respectively in untreated trees of Golden Delicious and Starking cultivars. The scab prevalence of leaves in apples treated with pesticides ranges from 18.1% in Golden Delicious cultivar to 22.2% in Starking cultivar, meanwhile the scab prevalence in fruit varies from 4.2% in Starking cultivar to 6.1% in Golden Delicious cultivar. The disease index of leave in untreated control varies from 38.4% to 40.1% respectively for Golden Delicious cultivar and Starking cultivar, while the severity of fruit in untreated trees varies from 45.6% in Starking cultivar to 49.0% in Golden cultivar. Therefore, the data showed that the uses of sterol-inhibiting fungicides were effective in the control of scab disease.
Highlights
Apple scab caused by Venturia Inaequalis is a devastating disease of apples in the world, and the poor control of it can lead to reduction of quality and quantity of the fruit
Obtained data are presented in the Table I. These data indicated that decease prevalence in leaves and fruits of untreated trees in Golden Delicious cultivar was very high
The scab incidence of leaves in apples treated with pesticides ranges from 18.1% in Golden Delicious cultivar to 22.2% in Starking cultivar, the scab incidence in fruit varies from 4.2% in Starking cultivar to 6.1% in Golden Delicious cultivar (Table I)
Summary
Apple scab caused by Venturia Inaequalis is a devastating disease of apples in the world, and the poor control of it can lead to reduction of quality and quantity of the fruit. The losses from apple scab can be 70% or more of the total fruit. Fungicides have become the sole means to control apple scab and there has been little effort to commercialize alternative strategies [13]. Most apple cultivars are susceptible to scab, and in the commercial treatments are needed frequent fungicide applications (up to 15-20 different types of fungicides annually), but even in Integrated Pest Management systems [1, 4]. DMI They serve as backbone of apple disease management programs with the main focus on the control of apple scab [5]
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