Efficacy of snakehead fish (Channa striatus) in subjects with allergic rhinitis: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis is a prevailing chronic inflammatory respiratory disorder that affects 10–30% of the population globally. Channa striatus (Channa) is a snakehead, freshwater fish that has been used traditionally to enhance wound healing and relief post-operative pain. This study evaluates the efficacy of oral Channa extract on allergic rhinitis subjects on total nasal symptom score and serum immunoglobulin E (Ig E). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted by comparing the oral Channa extract 500 mg/day and placebo among allergic rhinitis subjects for a 6-week intervention period. Subjects aged 18–50 years old, diagnosed with allergic rhinitis based on total symptoms score, naso-endoscopy findings, and positive skin prick test were included in this trial. All subjects were treated with antihistamine (levocetrizine) and local corticosteroid nasal spray (fluticasone furoate nasal spray). Laboratory-based blood tests were used as safety measures. A total of 70 subjects were randomized. Channa group showed significant improvement in nasal blockage (p < 0.05), nasal itchiness (p < 0.05), eye itchiness (p < 0.05) and general symptoms (p < 0.05) compared to the placebo groups. Serum Ig E were significantly lowered in Channa group compared to placebo (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of nasal discharge, sneezing, palate itchiness, and smell score. No serious adverse events were reported. In conclusion, Channa has a beneficial role in improving nasal symptoms and reduction in serum Ig E in allergic rhinitis subjects.