Abstract
BackgroundTwo studies evaluating the efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (Seresto®, Bayer Animal Health, IVP), a deltamethrin collar (Scalibor®, MSD, CP1), a fipronil/(s)-methoprene spot-on (Frontline Combo®, Merial, CP2), a dinotefuran/pyriproxyfen/permethrin spot-on (Vectra 3D®, Ceva, CP3) and an amitraz/fipronil/(s)-methoprene spot-on (Certifect®, Merial, CP4/CP5) against repeated infestations with Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Ctenocephalides felis felis on dogs were conducted over periods of 226 days and 71 days respectively.MethodsThe first study comprised 4 groups of treated dogs and one untreated control group, and the second 3 groups of treated dogs and one control group. Each group consisted of 8 dogs. All dogs were infested with ticks and fleas at regular intervals. Ticks were counted 6 h, 18 h or 48 h after infestations and fleas 24 h after infestations. Efficacies of the treatments were calculated by comparison with the untreated control groups using standard descriptive statistics.ResultsThe protective 48 h tick efficacy was 97.8% to 100% for the IVP (226 days), 69.3% to 97.4% for CP1 (170 days), 99.6% to 43.4% for CP2 (35 days) and 98% to 61.4% for CP3 (35 days).The protective 18 h tick efficacy was 98% to 99.6% for the IVP (71 days), 100% to 86.5% for CP4 (29 days), 100% to 72.8% for CP4 after re-treatment (35 days) and 98.8% to 54.3% for CP5 (35 days).The protective 6 h tick efficacy was 85.6% at Day 7 and 90.1% to 97.1% from Day 14 onwards for the IVP (70 days), 92.3% to 70.7% for CP4 (35 days), 97.5% to 65.2% for CP4 after re-treatment (35 days) and 95.1% to 51.8% for CP5 (35 days).The protective 24 h flea efficacy was 99.5/90.9% to 100% for the IVP (71/226 days), 66.7% to 83% for CP1 (170 days), 100% to 88.5% for CP2 (35 days), 100% to 73.3% for CP3 (35 days), 100% to 98.7% for CP4 (35 days), 100% to 87.5% for CP4 after re-treatment (35 days) and 100% to 79.5% for CP5 (35 days).ConclusionsThese data suggest that the long-term efficacy provided by a medicated collar that is effective, is a means to overcome the fluctuating efficacy of spot-on treatments resulting from a lack of pet owner re-treatment compliance, and consequently protect animals successfully against ectoparasites and probably vector-borne diseases.
Highlights
Two studies evaluating the efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (SerestoW, Bayer Animal Health, IVP), a deltamethrin collar (ScaliborW, MSD, CP1), a fipronil/(s)-methoprene spot-on (Frontline ComboW, Merial, CP2), a dinotefuran/pyriproxyfen/permethrin spot-on (Vectra 3DW, Ceva, CP3) and an amitraz/fipronil/(s)-methoprene spot-on (CertifectW, Merial, CP4/CP5) against repeated infestations with Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Ctenocephalides felis felis on dogs were conducted over periods of 226 days and 71 days respectively
These data suggest that the long-term efficacy provided by a medicated collar that is effective, is a means to overcome the fluctuating efficacy of spot-on treatments resulting from a lack of pet owner re-treatment compliance, and protect animals successfully against ectoparasites and probably vector-borne diseases
The imidacloprid/flumethrin collared dogs (Group 2) harboured significantly (p < 0.05) fewer ticks 48 h after infestation on Days 58, 86 and 170 than the group of deltamethrin collared dogs (Group 3), significantly (p < 0.05) fewer ticks on Day 198 than the dogs treated with fipronil/(s) methoprene (Group 4), and significantly (p < 0.05) fewer ticks on Days 191 and 198 than the dogs treated with dinotefuran/pyriproxyfen/ permethrin (Group 5)
Summary
Two studies evaluating the efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (SerestoW, Bayer Animal Health, IVP), a deltamethrin collar (ScaliborW, MSD, CP1), a fipronil/(s)-methoprene spot-on (Frontline ComboW, Merial, CP2), a dinotefuran/pyriproxyfen/permethrin spot-on (Vectra 3DW, Ceva, CP3) and an amitraz/fipronil/(s)-methoprene spot-on (CertifectW, Merial, CP4/CP5) against repeated infestations with Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Ctenocephalides felis felis on dogs were conducted over periods of 226 days and 71 days respectively. On the other hand the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis is widespread throughout most regions, and infests both dogs and cats [4,5]. It is possible that chemicals that have a repellent, or a rapid killing effect, could eliminate ticks and fleas before they can transmit vector-borne organisms with which they may be infected. For instance R. sanguineus is a vector of Babesia canis, Babesia vogeli, Babesia gibsoni, Hepatozoon canis and Ehrlichia canis, the causative organisms of tick-borne diseases that affect dogs in different regions of the world [7]. On the other hand C. felis felis is the intermediate host of the larval stage of the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum of dogs and the vector of the bacterium Rickettsia typhi, the organism responsible for murine typhus in humans [8]
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