Abstract
BackgroundHaemaphysalis longicornis is the major tick affecting dogs in most of the East Asia/Pacific region and has recently been detected in a number of areas of the USA. This tick is a vector for a number of pathogens of dogs, other mammals and humans. In this study, the efficacy of a single oral administration of sarolaner (Simparica®, Zoetis) at the minimum label dosage (2 mg/kg) was evaluated against an existing infestation of H. longicornis and subsequent weekly reinfestations for 5 weeks after treatment.MethodsSixteen dogs were ranked on pretreatment tick counts and randomly allocated to treatment on Day 0 with sarolaner at 2 mg/kg or a placebo. The dogs were infested with H. longicornis nymphs on Days − 2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33. Efficacy was determined at 48 hours after treatment and subsequent re-infestations based on live tick counts relative to placebo-treated dogs.ResultsThere were no adverse reactions to treatment. A single dose of sarolaner provided 100% efficacy on Days 2, 7, 14 and 21; and ≥ 97.4% efficacy on Days 28 and 35. Considering only attached, live ticks, efficacy was 100% for the entire 35 days of the study. Geometric mean live tick counts for sarolaner were significantly lower than those for placebo on all days (11.62 ≤ t(df) ≤ 59.99, where 13.0 ≤ df ≤ 14.1, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn this study, a single oral administration of sarolaner at 2 mg/kg provided 100% efficacy against an existing infestation of H. longicornis nymphs and ≥ 97.4% efficacy (100% against attached ticks) against weekly reinfestation for at least 35 days after treatment.
Highlights
MethodsSixteen dogs were ranked on pretreatment tick counts and randomly allocated to treatment on Day 0 with sarolaner at 2 mg/kg or a placebo
Haemaphysalis longicornis is the major tick affecting dogs in most of the East Asia/Pacific region and has recently been detected in a number of areas of the USA
The placebo-treated dogs maintained H. longicornis infestations throughout the study with two to 32 live ticks recovered from all eight dogs at each examination (Table 1)
Summary
Dogs were infested with ticks prior to treatment and re-infested weekly for 5 weeks. Tick counts were conducted 48 h after treatment or re-infestation. Placebo and sarolaner tablet presentations were similar in appearance Dogs were provided their daily food ration approximately 20 min prior to treatment. Dogs were infested on Day − 7 and live ticks were counted on Day − 5 to ensure the dogs were acceptable hosts and for allocation. Subsequent weekly infestations were conducted on Days 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33 and counts were performed 48 h after each infestation on Days 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 to confirm the duration of preventative efficacy. The assessment of efficacy was based on the percent reduction in the arithmetic and geometric mean live tick counts relative to placebo using Abbott’s formula:
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