Efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan combined with dapagliflozin in treating patients with heart failure and diabetes after an acute myocardial infarction.

Abstract

To investigate the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan combined with dapagliflozin in diabetic patients suffering from heart failure following an acute myocardial infarction. This retrospective study included 80 diabetic patients who had heart failure after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and were hospitalised at First Hospital of Qinhuangdao between January 2021 and January 2023. They were randomly divided into the control and observation groups (each group n = 40). In addition to fundamental anti-heart failure treatment, the control group was administered with sacubitril/valsartan, whereas the observation group received sacubitril/valsartan combined with dapagliflozin. The treatment lasted for six months, and the patient's glucose-associated targets and prognosis before and after treatment were compared in both groups. Six months after the treatment, the fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose and HbA1c levels of patients from both groups significantly decreased. The decrease was more prominent in the observation group than in the control group, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Additionally, the LVEF, CO, CI and NT-proBNP levels considerably decreased in both groups after treatment, with the observation group exhibiting a more notable decrease that was significantly different (P < 0.05). An inter-group comparison showed that the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). In diabetic patients suffering from heart failure after an AMI, treatment with sacubitril/valsartan combined with dapagliflozin may effectively control blood glucose levels and improve cardiac functions without increasing adverse reactions, indicating high clinical safety.