Efficacy of radioembolization with Yttrium-90 for treatment hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Radioembolization with Yttrium-90 is a safe, effective locoregional therapy for unresectable HCC.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of radioembolization with Yttrium-90 for the treatment of HCC.Materials and methods: A total of 93 patients were diagnosed with HCC and treated by radioembolization with Yttrium-90 from 2013 to 2021 at Bach Mai Hospital. Radiographic findings on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were assessed by using modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST). Patient survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors affecting survival were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression.Results: The mean age of 93 patients was 59.0±9.8 years. Mean tumors diameter was 6.5 ± 2.7 cm, the mean of tumor marker AFP is 1812 ± 6577 ng/ml. Complete response and partial response to treatment were observed in 21 (40.4%) and 15 patients (28.8%) of 52 follow-up patients. The median overall survival (OS) was 12.0 [95% CI: 5.0-25.0] months. Factors associated with longer OS included BCLC stage A-B, ECOG 0 and no portal vein thrombosis.Conclusion: Radioembolization with Y-90 is safe and effective in patients with unresectable HCC. BCLC stage A-B, ECOG 0 and no portal vein thrombosis were positive prognostic factors