Abstract
To observe the efficacy of phosphocreatine pre-administration (PCr-PA) on X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), the second mitochondia-derived activator of caspase (Smac) and apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra of rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). A total of 60 healthy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=20): group A (the sham operation group), group B <intraperitoneally injected with 20 mg/kg (10 mg/ml) of saline before preparing the ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model>, and group C <intraperitoneally injected with 20 mg/kg (10 mg/ml) of PCr immediately before preparing the IR model>. After 24 h for reperfusion, the neurological function was evaluated and the tissue was sampled to detect expression of XIAP, Smac and caspase-3 positive cells in the ischemic penumbra so as to observe the apoptosis. Compared with group B, neurological deficit scores, numbers of apoptotic cells, expression of Smac,caspase-9 and the numbers of Caspase-3 positive cells were decreased while expression of XIAP were increased in the ischemic penumbra of group C. Phosphocreatine pre-administration may elicit neuroprotective effects in the brain by increasing expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, reducing expression of second mitochondia-derived activator of caspase, and inhibiting the apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra.
Highlights
The key to treating ischemic stroke lies in recanalizing partial vessels or thrombolytic therapy, which can rescue or reduce neuronal apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra in a timely manner[1,2]
The current study investigated the efficacy of phosphocreatine pre-administration (PCr-PA) on X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), second mitochondia-derived activator of caspase (Smac) and apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra of rats a focal cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury (CIRI), with the aim of exploring the possible mechanism by which PCr can protect the brain
The results showed that PCr can increase the expression of XIAP and reduce the expression of Smac in infarcted core region to a certain extent, the striatum was the tissue firstly involved in the infarcted core area; so PCr could not reverse serious injury of the striatum and could only reduce the injury in partial parietal cortex and frontal cortex
Summary
The key to treating ischemic stroke lies in recanalizing partial vessels or thrombolytic therapy, which can rescue or reduce neuronal apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra in a timely manner[1,2]. The ischemic cerebral tissue outside and surrounding the focal central infarction area is called the ischemic penumbra. Since it is a reverse injury area, its function can be restored if treated timely and effectively[3,4]. A type of apoptosis-promoting protein,can antagonize caspase-inhibiting XIAP, accelerating the process of cell apoptosis[9]. Studies have showed that PCr has effects of brain protection, but the specific mechanism is not clear yet[10,11]. The current study investigated the efficacy of PCr-PA on XIAP, Smac and apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra of rats a focal CIRI, with the aim of exploring the possible mechanism by which PCr can protect the brain
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