Efficacy of persulfate-based advanced oxidation process (US/PS/Fe3O4) for ciprofloxacin removal from aqueous solutions

Shahin Ahmadi,Sirajuddin Ahmed,Somayeh Rahdar,Christian Osagie,Hamideh Hajini,Nadeem A Khan

doi:10.1007/s13201-020-01271-7

Abstract

Research evidence has shown that pollution of surface and underground waters is the leading sources of environmental and health-related problems. Disposed unused therapeutic drugs have been known to contaminate underground water and also offer drug resistance to infection-causing bacterial. This research seeks to evaluate the use of US/PS/Fe3O4 for the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP-F) from aqueous solutions. The research also seeks to obtain the optimum set of conditions about which the highest removal efficiency of CIP-F is obtained by monitoring the used pH, Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) concentration, PS concentration, CIP-F concentration, and contact time. The analysis was done using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer (Cecil model CE102) set at 280 nm. The result shows that a 98.43% removal efficiency is achievable after optimization if the separation parameters were set to the optimum conditions (pH = 5, CIP-F concentration = 200 mg/L, PS concentration = 0.15 mol/L, Fe3O4 concentration = 0.01 g/L and contact time = 45 min). The reaction was also observed to follow the pseudo-first-order reaction model. Since the results obtained show that US/PS/Fe3O4 can effectively and efficiently aid the surface adsorption of CIP-F from aqueous solutions, it is therefore recommended based on experimental findings that US/PS/Fe3O4 be used for removing CIP-F from effluents.

Highlights

Research evidence has shown that pollution of surface and underground water is leading sources of environmental and health-related problems
Ciprofloxacin (CIP-F) is a common antibiotic of fluoroquinolone class (Onyechi and Igwegbe 2018) that is widely prescribed for the treatment of intra-abdominal infections; this type of infection is associated with diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, and urinary tract infection (Zhang et al 2011; Igwegbe et al 2020)
This paper presents the removal of (CIP-F) from aqueous solution by the application of US/PS/Fe3O4

Summary

Introduction

Research evidence has shown that pollution of surface and underground water is leading sources of environmental and health-related problems. Unused therapeutic drugs are sometimes disposed of into the sewage system. If these drugs are not degraded during sewage treatment, in soil or other environmental compartments, they may reach the surface water and groundwater and, potentially contaminate drinking water (Ahmadi et al 2017). One of such antibiotics is ciprofloxacin (CIP-F). Ciprofloxacin (CIP-F) is a common antibiotic of fluoroquinolone class (Onyechi and Igwegbe 2018) that is widely prescribed for the treatment of intra-abdominal infections; this type of infection is associated with diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, and urinary tract infection (Zhang et al 2011; Igwegbe et al 2020). The antibiotic is classified into the fluoroquinolone class, which has a stable naphthol ring and is toxic to microorganisms, and their stability in the environment (Martinez 2009)

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