Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in the field of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute to find out the efficacy of organic amendments viz. poultry refuse, rice bran , fresh saw dust, dry saw dust, tea waste and a nematicide Furadan 5G against root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato during three consecutive years viz. 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15. Soil was treated with different organic amendments 10 days before seedling transplanting and Furadan 5G was applied on the day of seedling transplanting of tomato. The soils of the experimental plots were inoculated with chopped severely galled (M. incognita) roots of tomato at the time of treatment application. In all the years, considerable reduction in root-knot disease and increase in plant growth and fruit yield were achieved with different treatments and Furadan 5G. The most effective treatment was poultry refuse followed by rice bran and Furadan 5G. In 1st year, 2nd year and 3rd year, gall index values were 5.16, 4.94 and 6.27 under control, respectively. The severity was reduced to 59.11-64.53% in 1st year, 50.60-60.72% in 2nd year and 48.96-55.34% in the 3rd year compared to control due to application of the rice bran, Furadan 5G and poultry refuse. On the other hand, fruit yield under control was 44.82 t/ha at 1st year 49.73 t/ha in 2nd year and 36.95 t/ha at 3rd year. The highly effective three treatments increased fruit yield to 11.02-29.90% in 1st year, 17.17-30.56% in 2nd year and 23.39-35.02% in the 3rd year compared to control. The fruit yield of tomato was directly and linearly correlated with gall indices in tomato gall. Based on the findings of present the study poultry refuse and rice bran noted as an effective treatment to manage root-knot disease of tomato.
Highlights
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is one of the most popular and nutritious vegetable crops in Bangladesh which belongs to the family Solanaceae
The highest shoot length was obtained with poultry refuse followed by rice bran, tea waste, Furadan 5G and fresh saw dust
This result is in agreement with that of Meyer et al Plant parasitic nematodes especially root knot nematodes are the major constraint to vegetables production all over the world
Summary
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is one of the most popular and nutritious vegetable crops in Bangladesh which belongs to the family Solanaceae. The most widespread nematode species are the root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). The root-knot nematodes are an economically important group of plant-parasitic nematodes [8]. Yield loss of about 20.6% in tomatoes has been attributed to Meloidogyne species [10, 11]. It causes about 40% yield loss of tomato in Bangladesh and about 46.2% yield reduction in India [12, 13]. For many years chemical nematicides have been used to control plant parasitic nematodes effectively These are effective and fast acting, they are degrading to the environment, other beneficial soil micro
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