Abstract
The alder leaf beetle, Agelastica alni L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is one of the most defoliator pests of oak and alder trees. In the present study, the efficacies of three native strains of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (ZET35), Steinernema feltiae (ZET31), and Steinernema websteri (AS-1), were tested against pre-pupae and adults of A. alni. Experiments were conducted by four concentrations under laboratory conditions in 2015. Four different temperature regimes were tested at concentration of 1000 infective juveniles (IJs)/ml under laboratory conditions. It was observed that pre-pupae were more sensitive than adults in all tests. Based on screening tests, S. websteri was the most effective isolate on both pre-pupae and adults of A. alni at concentration of 1000 IJs/ml with 79.17 and 71.11% mortality, respectively. It caused the highest mortality values at all temperatures, except for 30 °C against pre-pupae and adults. Results of the present study suggested that S. websteri and H. bacteriophora had significant potentials against A. alni.
Highlights
The alder leaf beetle, Agelastica alni L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is widely distributed in the Europe, Caucasus, Siberia, North-Eastern Kazakhstan, and the USA (Sezen et al 2004)
A. alni feeds on variety of broadleaf species including hazelnut (Corylus spp.) and alder (Alnus spp.) during spring and summer seasons and occasionally damages other plant species and genera such as Betula pendula (Fagales: Betulaceae), Salix caprea (Malpighiales: Salicaceae), Populus spp. (Malpighiales: Salicaceae), and Tilia spp. (Malvales: Malvaceae) (Medvedev 1983)
The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) isolated from Turkey against pre-pupae and adults of A. alni under laboratory conditions
Summary
The alder leaf beetle, Agelastica alni L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is widely distributed in the Europe, Caucasus, Siberia, North-Eastern Kazakhstan, and the USA (Sezen et al 2004). A. alni feeds on variety of broadleaf species including hazelnut (Corylus spp.) and alder (Alnus spp.) during spring and summer seasons and occasionally damages other plant species and genera such as Betula pendula (Fagales: Betulaceae), Salix caprea (Malpighiales: Salicaceae), Populus spp. Adults and larvae of A. alni attack host plant or its products with significant commercial value and cause mortality or predispose host to infestation by other pests. Pests are generally controlled by chemical pesticides that may lead to developing resistance by the target pest in addition to causing harms to human and environment (Ffrench-Constant et al 2004). An alternative method to chemical pesticides is biocontrol and the microbial biocontrol agents with no harmful effects on human health and environment. The common microbial biocontrol agents are viruses, bacteria, fungi, and nematodes (Vega and Kaya 2012)
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