Abstract
An interesting finding that emerged from the study was the difference in potency between inactivated rabies vaccines prepared in liquid and lyophilized forms. Inactivated rabies vaccine prepared from BHK21 infected cell culture in the two forms revealed that its immunogenicity was completely preserved on lyophilization. The two vaccine formulae were found to be free from foreign contaminants, safe in both inoculated mice and puppies and potent inducing high levels of specific rabies antibodies in vaccinated puppies. Such antibodies were increased gradually from the first-week post-vaccination to the same extent in the blood of immunized puppies with the lyophilized vaccine as in that of puppies immunized with liquid vaccine. These results confirmed the claim that inactivated rabies vaccines could be lyophilized with retention of potency. Considering the possible value of a stable, freeze-dried rabies vaccine that could be stored and transported with ease, it was considered desirable to confirm the above findings.
Highlights
Rabies disease is an acute progressive, fatal encephalomyelitis caused by neurotropic RNA viruses in Rhabdoviridae, genus Lyssavirus. (Rupporecht et al, 2010)
Thirty-two Swiss Albino weaned mice were supplied by the Laboratory Animal Breeding Unit (LABU) at Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute (VSVRI)
7.Preparation of liquid inactivated rabies vaccine A portion of the inactivated rabies virus was mixed with Monatide pet gel A was added at the ratio of 10% as adjuvant according to the manufacturer directions (Edries et al, 2017)
Summary
Rabies disease is an acute progressive, fatal encephalomyelitis caused by neurotropic RNA viruses in Rhabdoviridae, genus Lyssavirus. (Rupporecht et al, 2010). Inactivated cell culture rabies vaccines were provided by many authors (Larghi and Nebel, 1980; Edries, 1994 and Khodier, 1999). The lyophilizing parameter has an obvious impact on the character of the rabies vaccine. The contents of the lyophilized rabies vaccine have a protective effect on its heat stability. The selection of the freeze-dry process route and lyophilizing parameter has an obvious impact on vaccine character. Various preparations of lyophilized and liquid inactivated antirabies vaccines were assessed for antigenicity related to the NIH (United States National Institutes of Health) Reference Vaccine 164 (the proposed International Reference Preparation of Rabies Vaccine). The present invention was designed to evaluate the effect of lyophilization; as a method of veterinary rabies vaccine in a form that may elongate its shelf life, on its antigenicity and on its immunogenicity
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