Efficacy of live attenuated and inactivated bivalent vaccine against canine distemper and canine parvo viruses in dogs

Abstract

Through the present work we succeeded to prepare live attenuated and inactivated canine distemper (CD) using Snyder Hill strain and canine parvo (CP) vaccines using CPV type 2a srain either in mono or bivalent formulae aiming to establish the most safe and potent vaccine formula that enable puppies to withstood both virus infections. It was found that monovalent and bivalent attenuated vaccines induced higher and longer duration of immunity, showed protective CD antibody titers (64-128 by SNT and 2.4log10 by ELISA) up to 12 months post vaccination while inactivated ones induced lower and shorter protective immune levels (32 by SNT and l.8 log10 by ELISA) for 10 months post vaccination. Also, CP antibody levels remained with high levels (64-128 by SNT and 2.5 by ELISA) up to 12 months as induced by attenuated mono and bivalent vaccine and with lower protective values (32-64 by SNT and 1.5- 1.9log10 by ELISA) by inactivated vaccines up to 11 months. Anyhow, it could be said that the bivalent CD and CP attenuated or inactivated vaccines can provide vaccinated puppies with specific protective antibodies against the two viruses.