Efficacy Of In-season Rotator Cuff Training Program In Amateur Pitchers

Abstract

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of an in-season training program on pitching performance with overhead throwing athletes. METHODS Four high school and college baseball teams were randomized into treatment and control groups. The groups consisted of 15 male athletes with an average age of 19.2 years. The treatment group was instructed on a rotator cuff and scapular stabilization program to execute three times/week. The control group performed standard conditioning programs as directed by their respective coaches. Average pre-season pitch velocity and rotator cuff strength (Isobex) was recorded for all athletes. A complete pre-season shoulder examination was performed on all participants by a fellowship trained shoulder surgeon. Constant's and ASES scores were computed. Post-season velocity, strength, and physical exams were documented. RESULTS Compared to the control group, pitch velocity increased significantly (p<0.05) in the treatment group with an average increase of 2.5 miles per hour (range −2.1–8.9). Eleven of 15 pitchers increased or maintained pitch velocity throughout the season. Pitch velocity for the control group did not improve (p>0.05). All positive pre-season physical exam findings improved or resolved in the treatment group. Isobex strength of the supraspinatus decreased for the treatment group (p<0.05) but remained unchanged in the control group (p>0.05). There were no significant changes in Constant's or ASES scores (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS An in-season shoulder girdle strengthening program allows for increase in pitch velocity and potential injury prevention.