Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of different herbicides for controlling wild onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius) in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) during the rabi seasons (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) at Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. The experiment comprised eight herbicidal weed management treatments for wild onion applied to cumin in a three-replication randomized block design. Among the herbicidal weed management treatments, early post-emergence (8 DAS) application of oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha resulted in the lowest weed density and dry matter of Asphodilus tenuifolius, with maximum weed (Asphodilus tenuifolius) control efficiency at 40 days after sowing (DAS) during both experimental years. Likewise, the highest total efficiency of weed control was recorded with the application of oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha at 8 DAS. Oxyflourfen 200 g/ha used early post emergence (8 DAS) reduced the weed index more effectively than the other herbicides. It also recorded the highest number of branches/plant, plant height, umbels/plant, umbellates/umbel, seeds/umbellates, and seed yield. However, application of oxyflourfen @ 200 g/ha 8 DAS–early POE and pendimethalin 38.7 CS 500 g/ha + oxyfluorfen @ 150 g/ha 8 DAS–early POE were statistically similar in terms of plant growth, yield, and yield attributes. The net returns (366.49 USD/ha in 2018–2019 and 175.72 USD/ha in 2019–2020) and B:C ratio (1.70 and 1.33 in 2018–2019 and 2019–2020, respectively) were also superior, with oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha applied early post emergence.
Highlights
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is mostly grown in India, Morocco, Iran, Turkey, Greece, Syria, Egypt, Algeria, and China [1]
Our present study found a novelty that oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha early post emergence (8 days after sowing (DAS)) significantly decreased the dry matter and weed density of wild onion and other weeds without any hand-weeding intercultural operation in cumin
Our results reveal that all herbicidal weed management treatments significantly increased the net return and benefit:cost ratio (B:C ratio) over the control (Table 3)
Summary
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is mostly grown in India, Morocco, Iran, Turkey, Greece, Syria, Egypt, Algeria, and China [1]. Cumin is an important spice crop in India. This crop is widely adopted as an essential commercial crop in arid and semi-arid regions of India. Gujarat and Rajasthan are the top producers of cumin. It is cultivated in an area of 9.25 lakh hectares with the production of 5.4 lakh tons and productivity of 640 kg/ha in India during 2019–2020 [2]. Cumin is valued for its distinctive aroma, which comes from its essential oil ranging between 2.7 and 4.3% in indigenous collections and up to 5.5% in exotic collections [3]. Cuminaldehyde or cuminal is a major component of cumin essential oil contributing to the specific value-added aroma and has carminative, stomachic, and astringent properties [1,3]
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