Efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of children with non-severe aplastic anemia.

Abstract

Non-severe aplastic anemia is more likely to develop into severe aplastic anemia, and there is no widely accepted treatment plan at present. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation might be a new therapeutic strategy. Retrospectively analyzed 32 patients with non-severe aplastic anemia who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from September 2007 to September 2020, and the 5-year estimated overall survival rate and the incidence of graft-versus-host disease were analyzed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of pediatric non-severe aplastic anemia. Thirty-two patients who underwent transplantation, 29 patients (90.6%) survived, 3 patients (9.4%) died. The incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease was 51.6% (16/31), including 15 cases (48.4%) of grade I-II and 1 case (3.2%) of grade III-IV. The incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease was 38.7% (12/31). The 5-year overall survival rate was 91.8%. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a practicable, safe, and effective treatment option for non-severe aplastic anemia pediatric patients who are suitable for transplant.