Abstract
The chemical control of runoff, sediment and nutrient losses is one of the main measures of soil and water conservation and ecological improvement. A simulation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polyacrylamide (PAM) application rates (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 g/m2), rainfall intensities (30, 60 and 90 mm/h) and the applied positions (top, middle and bottom with application rate of 2 g/m2) on runoff, soil and total nitrogen (TN) losses at loess slope. Overall, the results showed that PAM application rate of 1–2 g/m2 reduced runoff compared with no application of PAM on runoff. PAM application rate of 4 g/m2 reduced sediment losses most, but it increased the amount of runoff and TN losses in runoff. The PAM application rate of 2 g/m2 reduced runoff and nitrogen losses significantly. Soil and TN losses in sediment of PAM application position of the middle slope were significantly (p < 0.05) smaller than that of other PAM application positions. Considering the runoff, sediment and TN losses, PAM application rate of 2 g/m2 on the middle slope was the most feasible and beneficial mode for PAM application in the loess region.
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